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Ganesh |
In Hinduism an elephant-headed,
pot-bellied god who removes obstacles, the son of Parvati
and adopted son of Shiva. |
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Genesis |
The first book of the Bible. |
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Giani |
In Sikhism, a knowledgeable person, especially
one who has studied scripture and Sikh history. |
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ghusl |
In Islam, the greater ablution, a washing of
the entire body, required before prayer (salah) or touching
a Qur'an. |
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God |
The word used philosophically for the supreme
being in theism (the belief in a single divine being), or
religiously for the object of faith in monotheism. |
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Goliath |
A giant Philistine warrior who is defeated
in single combat by David in a Biblical story. |
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Gomer |
Unfaithful wife of the prophet Hosea; as told
in the Bible in the book of Hosea, the prophet used this story
to comment on Israel's unfaithfulness to God. |
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Good Samaritan,
the |
After two Jewish religious leaders 'passed
by on the other side', the good Samaritan in Jesus's parable
stops to give aid to a Jew who had been robbed and beaten.
(Samaritans were descendants of the northern kingdom of Israel,
who were considered outsiders by the Jews who had been exiled
to Babylon.). |
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Gospel |
Literally, good news‚ The word is used of 1)
four books of the Bible which tell the story of the life of
Jesus (Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John), and also of 2) the
central message of Christianity. |
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gotra |
In Hinduism a sub-group of a jati, members
of a gotra traditionally have to marry outside the gotra but
within the jati. |
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Granthi |
In a Sikh Gurdwara, the person who looks after
the Guru Granth Sahib and the Gurdwara more generally, and
who will often recite aloud from the holy book for worshippers. |
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Great Commandments |
Jesus reduced 'all the Law and all the Prophets'
to two commandments‚ to love God and to love one's neighbour
as oneself. |
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guna |
In Hinduism one of the three qualities found
in nature, i.e. sattva (purity), rajas (energy) and tamas
(inertia). |
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Gur-gaddi |
The seat or throne of the Guru in Sikhism. |
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Gurdwara |
(Guru-dwara, 'Guru's doorway') A Sikh place
of worship. |
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Gurmukh |
God-centred, an attribute of a spiritual person
in Sikhism. |
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Gurpurb |
In Sikhism, a festival of celebration of an
event in the life of one of the Gurus. |
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Guru |
In Hinduism a teacher or a spiritual guide;
in Sikhism one of ten human figures foundational to the tradition,
or the holy book (Guru Granth Sahib), or the community (Guru
Panth) through all of whom came the teaching of God, the Satguru
(true Guru). |
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Guru Amar Das (1479-1574) |
The third Sikh Guru. Consolidated the Panth
and formalised the institution of langar. |
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Guru Angad (1504-1552) |
The second Sikh Guru. Established centres for
disseminating Nanak's teachings. |
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Guru Arjan (1563-1606) |
The fifth Sikh Guru. Responsible for the original
compilation of Adi Granth and for the completion of the building
of the Harmandir Sahib in Amritsar. Began to train Sikhs to
defend self and the faith and was tortured to death by the
Mogul Emperor Jahangir. |
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Guru Gobind Singh
(1666-1708) |
The tenth Sikh Guru. In 1699 he founded the
Khalsa during the festival of Vaisakhi. Established the Granth
Sahib as the eternal Guru. |
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Guru Granth Sahib |
The main book of Sikh scripture; 1430 pages
long and containing hymns by six of the Sikh Gurus, nineteen
other Sikhs and seventeen Hindu and Muslim holy men. |
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Guru Hargobind
(1595-1644) |
The sixth Sikh Guru. Organised the Sikhs into
an army, in reaction to Muslim attempts at suppression. |
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Guru Har Krishnan
(1656 - 1664) |
The eighth Sikh Guru, who became guru at the
age of 5, thus demonstrating that spirituality exists in all
ages. |
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Guru Har Rai (1630-1661) |
The seventh Sikh Guru. Although continuing
to maintain an army, he was known for his strong spirituality. |
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Guru Ka Langer |
(also see Langar) |
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Guru Nanak (1469-1539) |
The first Sikh Guru. Born a Hindu in an area
ruled by Muslims, became founder of the Sikh Faith. |
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Guru Ram Das (1534-1581) |
The fourth Sikh Guru. Founded the town of Amritsar. |
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The Ten Gurus |
Succession of Sikh gurus who taught in the
Punjab during the 16th and 17th century: |
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Guru Tegh Bahdar
(1621-1675) |
The ninth Sikh Guru. The seventh, eighth and
ninth Gurus were all involved in clashes with the Moguls.
Guru Tegh Bahadur was beheaded in Delhi by the order of the
Mogul Emperor Aurangzeb. |
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